Computer science
Class: 12th
Term 2 revision of
1-1 marks, 4-4 marks and 6-6 marks questions
Multiple choice questions (1-1 Marks)
1. _______ is a word
processor software.
a) MS Windows b) MS Excel c) MS Powerpoint d)
MS Word
2. To check spelling and grammer ______ key is used.
a) Ctrl+F7 b) Alt+F7 c) F7 d)
Shift+F7
3) _____ option in MS-word
changes the structure and layout of pages.
a) Format b) Print and print preview c) Page setup d) Proofing
4. _______ is electronic
spreadsheet software used for automated calculation.
a) MS Windows b) MS Excel c) MS Powerpoint d)
MS Word
5. ______ refers to
changing the font, style, size, color, bold, italic, underline and other
related parameters.
a) formatting b) alignment c)
proofing d) filtering
6.
Which of the following statements is also called as conditional statement?
a)
For b)
break c) if d)
while
7.
Switch-Case is similar to __________
statement.
a)
if-else b) if else if c)
break d)
Goto
8.
Which statement can be used to terminate a case in switch statement.
a)
Continue b) goto c)
if d) break
9.
Which of the following is an example of a post test loop?
A)
for b) while c) Do
while d) Continue
10.
Which of the following is not a jumping statement?
A) While b) Continue c)
goto d) break
11. A
computer _________ is a set of computers that are connected together.
a) Network b) System c) Protocol d)
Internet
12. A
______ is basically a multiport repeater.
a)
Hub b)
Switch c) Router d)
Bridge
13. A
_____ is a 2 port device.
a) Hub b) Switch c) Router d) Bridge
14.
Wi-Fi stands for _________ .
a) Wireless
field b) Wireless Fidelity c) wire fire d) Wire fidelity
15. A
______ is a combination of a Bridge and a Router.
a) Switch b) Bridge c) Hub d)
Brouter
16.
Information Technology (IT) is an area under which computers or other physical
devices (hardware, software) are used to create, ____, secure and exchange
electronic data.
a.
Access b. process c.
define d. save
17.
With the introduction of online education services, students can learn from
anywhere using the _____
a.
Internet b.
electricity c. 5G
Technology d. email
18.
Android operating system is a _____ operating system.
- Computer b.
Mobile c.
Technology d. Virtual
reality
19.
Cloud computing is a kind of based computing.
a.
Big-data b. IoT c.
Internet d. Bluetooth
20.
Who brought the concept of AI?
a)
Victor Allis b) Marvin Minsky c) Alan Turing d) John McCarthy
21.
Which type of AI focuses on single set of abilities &performs a particular
task?
a)
Super AI b) Narrow AI c) General AI d) None of these.
22.
Which one of AI type does not have memory for data storage
a)
Limited Memory b) Reactive machines c) Things of Mind d) Self Awareness
23.
The conversion of natural language into computer understandable form
a)
Intrusion detection b) Machine
translation c) Identification d)
None of these.
24.
The core of the expert system which by applying set of rules and draw the
results of the user question is the function of
a)
Inference engine b)
Knowledge base c) User Interface d) None of these
25.
Place where knowledge from the human expert is collected
a)
Domain expert b)
Knowledge Base c) User d) All of these
26.
Robots which provides help for analyzing the collected data are
a)
Healthcare robots b) Domestic robots c) Military robots d) Research robots
27.
______ is the process to convert information into computer readable form.
a)
E-learning b) E-commerce c) Digitalization d) Net Banking
28.
______ is meant to be online buying and selling of goods.
a)
E-commerce b) Digi
Locker c) Digital Payment d) None of these
29.
Easiest and convenient way for cashless payment is _______.
a)
Digitalization b) Storage c) Offline d) Digital Payment
30.
______ stores only those educational certificates, issued by educational
institutes through digital mode.
a)
SWAYAM b) NAD c) MOOCs d) DigiLocker
31.
______ is a type of e-commerce which involves company and customer.
a)
B2B b) B2C c) C2C d) None of these
32.
The online service of government is called-
a)
Public welfare services b) democracy
services c)
E-governance d) internet services
33.
G2C Stands for –
a)
Government to employee b)
Government to citizens
c)
Government to business man d)
Government to government
34.
The modern form of E-Governance services is:
a)
E-Business b) E-Commerce c) E-Services d) Smart governance
35.
How many digits are there in Aadhar card number?
a) 14 b) 12 c) 16 d) 10
36.
Which one is the part of information system?
a) Database
and procedures b) network c) Hardware and software d) All of these
37.
___ tool allows us to select a drawing with a free hand.
a. Fuzzy Selection b.
Lasso c. Text d. Bucket Fill
38.
SHIFT + C is a shortcut for _______
a. To Create Duplicate Image b. To Delete Layer
c. To
Copy of an image d.
To Crop an Image
39.
Scale option is used to change the _____ of an image.
a. Color b.
Size c.
Area d. All of the
above
40.
_______ is known as group of sheets looking at each other.
a. Masking b.
Tools c. Layers d. None of the above
41.
______ helps to make a duplicate copy of the active layer
- Smudge Tool b.
Dodge Tool c. Perspective
Tool d. Duplicate Layer
42.
In order for the computer to play audio files, different are required.
a. Video codecs b.
Audio Codecs c. Both a & b d.
None
43.
____ format is a common audio format that is played extensively on electronic
devices.
a. wmv b.
avi c. mp3 d. cda
44.
Audio files are stored on the Audio CD in ____ format.
a. flv b.
aac c. mov d. cda
45.
The effect applied between two video-clips is called
a. sound b.
video c. video
transition d. photo
46.
The process of dividing the video into sections is called
a.
merging b. splitting c. compressing d. decompressing
Fill in the blanks(1-1 Marks)
1.
___ and ___ function used to find the minimum and maximum value in range.
Answer:-
MIN and MAX
2.
Filter option is available in _____ tab of Excel.
Answer:-
Data
3. If
the cursor is placed at the end of the file, then _______ button is pressed to
delete the text.
Answer:-
Backspace
4.
Two option of orientation for page setup are _____ and _____.
Answer:-
Portrait and Landscape
5.
________ Symbol is used to start any formula in excel Calculation.
Answer:-
Equal(=) sign
6.
In _____ loops, the control conditions
are tested before the body of the loop.
Answer:
- Pre-test loop
7. In
_____ loops, the control conditions are tested after the body of the loop.
Answer:
- Post test loop
8.
______ statement is used to skip some statements inside the loop.
Answer:
continue
9.
______ is a multi-way conditional control statement.
Answer:
switch case
10.
The break statements can be used to eliminate a case in the _____ statements.
Answer:
Switch case
11.
Artificial Intelligence is divided into two types _____ and ________.
Answer:-
Type-1, Type-2
12.
___________ is a chess playing computer developed by IBM.
Answer:-
Deep Blue
13.
____________ is a good example of narrow artificial intelligence.
Answer:-
Apple siri
14. ___________ machine have no memory.
Answer: Machine Learning
15. MYCIN and ____ are examples of earlier expert systems.
Answer: Dyndral
16. ___________ Generation Robots are smart as humans.
Answer: Fourth
17.
The services and facilities of E-governance is divided into _____ parts.
Answer:
Three
18.
________ gives a unique identity to Indian citizens.
Answer: Aadhar Number
19.
In Punjab at village level _____ Gives E-Governance services.
Answer: Sewa/Suwidha Center
20.
________ is used to solve difficult problems.
Answer: Expert System
21.
Smart cards are symbol of _________.
Answer:
Smart Governance
22.
To resize the layer _____ tool is used.
Answer:
Scale
23.
To move the layers _____ tool is used.
Answer:
Move
24.
To remove objects from Canvas _____ tool is used.
Answer:
Magic Wand
25.
The quality of the picture decreases when the picture is _____
Answer:
Scaled
26.
An important part of the Image Window is _____ where the picture is shown.
Answer:
Canvas
Very short answer type questions(1-1Marks)
1.
Write the full form of WYSIWYG?
Answer:-
What You See Is What You Get
2.
Write the short cut keys to move text in Word document?
Answer:-
Ctrl+x, Ctrl+v
3.
Write the name of four types of alignments?
Answer:-
Left, Center, Right, Justify
4.
Which Excel function is used to continue contents from different cells into one
cell?
Answer:-
concatenate()
5.
Write the name of any two fonts that can be used to type in Punjabi language?
Answer:-
Anmollipi, Asses, joy, Raavi font
6.
Writing if statement with-in-another if is called as?.
Answer:
- Nested if
7.
Which statements in C programming are used for altering the normal flow of a
program?
Answer:
- Branching control statement
8.
Which statement is sometimes desirable to skip some statements inside the loop?
Answer:
continue
9.
Which statements provide a way to repeat commands?
Answer:
goto
10.
Write the full form of UIDAI?
Answer:
Unique Identification Authority of India
11.
Name any two information systems?
Answer:
Management Information System, Decision Support System
12.
Write the names of different levels of E-governance?
Answer:
International, Domestic and National levels
13.
Write the full form of G2G?
Answer:
Government to Government
14.
Write the full form of TPS?
Answer:
Transaction Processing System
Write full forms(1-1marks)
- UTP - Unshielded
twisted pair
- FTP - File
transfer protocol
- SMTP - Simple mail transfer protocol
- POP - Post
office protocol
- HTTP - Hyper text transfer protocol
- MAC - Media Access control address
- Wi-Fi : Wireless Fidelity
- VR : Virtual reality
- IoT : Internet of Things
- IT : Information Technology
- GPS : Global Positioning System
- AI : Artificial Intelligence
- GAI : General Artificial Intelligence
- NLP : Natural Language Processing
- SAI : Strong Artificial Intelligence
- GIF : Graphics Interchange Format
- PNG : Portable Networks Graphics
- TIFF : Tagged Image File Format
- JPG : Joint Photographic Expert Group
- PSD : Photoshop Document
- BMP : Bitmap Picture
- MP4 : Moving Picture Experts Group-4
- MP3 : MPEG Audio Layer 3
- WMV : Windows Media Video
- FLV : Flash Video
- AVI : Audio Video Interleaved
Write True or False(1-1marks)
1.
The process of making a movie is divided into five stages.( False)
2.
Video editing works with only one video clip. (False)
3.
Merging a video means splitting the clip into several parts. (False)
4. It
is advisable to save the project before starting the process of exporting video
file. (True)
5.
MPEG-4 video format uses different compression for audio and video tracks. (True)
Short answer type questions(4-4marks)
Question
1: What is Excel?
Answer:-
Microsoft Excel is a powerful electronic spreadsheet program that lets you
store data, perform calculations, draw conclusions, create graphs, report data
that looks like a professional, publish data on a website and access real time
data and facilitates access.
Question
2: Explain formatting in details?
Answer:-
Formatting text means changing the style of the font. In which we can change
the appearance of the text by formatting, increasing and decreasing the font
size, changing the color of the text, bolding the text, italicizing, underlining,
etc.
Question
3: Explain print and print preview option?
Answer:-
Print preview is a feature that indicates how a document will look before it is
printed on paper. With the print command we can print documents by setting the
printer selection, paper size, page orientation etc.
Question
4: What are formulas in MS Excel?
Answer:-
In MS Excel, we can use formulas to calculate school results, grading, and
student fees, etc. The formula always starts with the “=” (equal) sign.
Examples
of formulas: -
- =D12+D13
- =A4-A5
- =C5+D6*E2
Question
5: What do you know about the formula bar in Excel?
Answer:-
Formula Bar is one of the most important components of MS Excel. The Formula
Bar is located at the top of the Excel window and at the bottom of the ribbon.
The formula bar has two parts: the first part is the name box which represents
the address of the cell and the second part is the function which represents
the typed data or formula.
Question
6: What are Margins?
Answer:-
A margin is the space between text and the edge of a document. The margin of a
new document is set to normal, and it has four parts: top margin, bottom
margin, left margin, right margin. The document defines these four margins as
one inch, which we can change to suit our needs.
Question
7. Define Branching? Name the different Control statements?
Answer:-
Statements who select one branch or another during the course of a program are
called a branching statement. These statements are used for decision making or
to choose from more than one.
The
branching statement is further divided into two parts: -
1.
Conditional control statement
2.
Multi-way conditional control statement
Question
8. what is Looping? Name three different types of looping statements?
Answer:-
Looping statements are also called iterative statements. There may be
situations in programs when we need to execute a block of statements multiple
times. In such cases, the loops provide us with a way to repeat the statements
and they also control how often the statements will be repeated.
The
different types of looping statements are: -
- For loop
- While loop
- Do while loop
Question
9. what is nested if statement? Write its syntax?
Answer:-
When a statement block of another if condition or a statement block of another
if-else condition is used, it is called as nested if statement. In this way we
can say that the block of internal statement will work when the condition of
the external statement and the condition of the internal statement should be
correct.
Syntax:
-
if(expression or condition1)
{
/*Execute when condition1 is true*/
if(expression or
condition2)
{ /*Execute when condition2 is true*/
Block1 of
statements;
}}
Question
10. what is if-else statement? Write a program of il-else statement?
Answer:-
We can also control the status of execution of a statement through if-else
statements. When we have to make a decision based on two or more conditions, or
get a program to do something special, we use the if-else statement. In this
case, if the if condition proves to be correct, the if block is applied, and
the else section is omitted and in case of misrepresentation of the statement,
only the else section has to be applied.
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a=20, b=10;
if(a>b)
{
printf(“a is
greater than b”);
}
else
{
printf(“a is
less than b”);
}
getch();}
Question
11. what is while statement? Write its syntax?
Answer:-
while loop is a pre-test loop, and this loop can be used to repeat a statement
over and over again. Only the test condition is defined in the while loop, the
initial part of the loop is defined before the while loop, and the step size of
the loop is declared inside the while loop. In while loop, statements get
executed as long as condition is true.
Syntax
of while loop:-
Variable declaration;
Variable initialization;
while(test condition)
{
Statement block;
Step size;
}
Question:12
What is Information Technology?
Answer:
Information technology is an area in which computers or other physical
components such as hardware and software are used to create, process, store,
and store and exchange information. Information technology encompasses all
types of technology such as commercial data, voice, conversations, photos,
motion pictures, multimedia, presentation information creation, storage,
conversion and use.
Question:13
Give name of any four current trends in Information Technology?
Answer:
Name of the four current trends in Information Technology: -
1.
GPS Technology
2.
Wi-Fi technology
3.
Bluetooth technology
4.
E-commerce
5.
M-Commerce
Question:14
Define Bluetooth Technology.
Answer:
Bluetooth is a wireless local area network technology that allows all types of
media files to be sent or received wirelessly via Bluetooth. This technology is
used to transmit information over short distances in phones, laptops, personal
computers, printers, digital cameras, mobile phones, webcams, GPS, cars,
keyboards, mice, etc. .
Question:15
Define GPS Technology?
Answer:
The full name of GPS is Global Positioning System, and one GPS is available in every
smartphone. GPS technology is used to find the geographical location of any
place or location, and it is a global navigation satellite system. It can be
used to find the distance or route of any two places and is also used to locate
or map out nearby institutions, hotels, offices etc.
Question:16
Define Multimedia Technology.
Answer:
Multimedia includes all the technologies that help create
or display multimedia content, combining images, audio, video and text into a
single application software. Multimedia technology includes those interactive
computer-based applications that allow people to exchange information in
digital and print media.
Question:17
Define 5G technology.
Answer:
5G is the next generation wireless technology, which is
many times better than 3G and 4G. The 5G mobile network will connect people as
well as connect and control machines and devices. The 5G network can be up to
100 times faster than 4G, and it can transmit data at speeds of up to 20 Gbps
over a wireless broadband connection. With the help of 5G, one movie can be
downloaded in one minute.
Question:18
What is digitalization?
Answer:
Digitalization is the process of converting information into a digital medium
i.e. computer readable and computer manageable, through which information is
stored in bits. Digitization allows images, documents, audio, video, etc. to be
converted to digital medium through various computer devices.
Question:19
Describe Net Banking.
Answer:
Net banking is also called internet banking. After availing the facility of net
banking, the customer can transfer money from home to his bank account, pay
bills, transfer money to another account, and view his bank account statement,
etc. A unique username and password for the use of Net banking is issued to the
user after the customer goes to the bank and fills in the application form to
avail the facility of Net banking.
Question:20
What do you mean by E-Commerce.
Answer:
E-commerce is also called e-commerce or internet commerce. E-commerce means
buying or selling goods on the Internet, using services, making money, etc.
This facility has given a new direction to the business and the business has
flourished. Examples of websites for buying or selling products under
e-commerce are: Amazon, Flipkart, eBay, OLX,
Quicker, etc.
Question:21
Name types of E-Commerce?
Answer:
Types of E-Commerce are: -
1.
Business to business(B2B)
2.
Business to Consumer (B2C)
3.
Consumer to consumer (C2C)
4.
Consumer to business(C2B)
Question:22
Write down the benefits of online payment?
Answer:
Benefits of online payment: -
- Easy and convenient
- Money transactions anytime and anywhere
- Savings with digital payments
Question:23
Describe DigiLocker?
Answer:
DigiLocker helps eliminate the use of paper documents and enables the sharing
of e-documents between government agencies through an enhancement for online
authentication of documents. DigiLocker provides access to authentic virtual
documents. It is a digital document vault where you can store your documents such
as driving license, PAN card, voter ID, policy document, etc. You can also
upload documents and keep them safe when you sign up for a DigiLocker account.
Question:24
What is e-learning?
Answer:
E-learning, also known as online learning or electronic learning, is the
acquisition of knowledge through electronic technologies and media. E-learning
is taught electronically. E-learning is conducted on the Internet, where
students can access their learning materials online at any place and time.
E-learning is often in the form of online courses, online degrees, or online
programs.
Question:25
What is digital or online payment?
Answer:
Online payments are also called digital or e-payments or electronic payments.
This is an easy and fast way to make cashless payments, in which payments are
made through digital medium. Both the payer and the receiver use digital media.
Money transfer, purchase of goods, mobile or dish recharge, payment of
electricity, water or mobile bills etc. can be done easily and quickly through
digital payment.
Question:26
What are the three levels of E-governance? Give detail?
Answer:
The three levels of e-governance are as follows: -
- Domestic/State level
- National level
- Inter-state level
Question:27
In brief describe Smart Governance?
Answer:
The modern form of e-governance is smart governance. In this, smart means
attractive or active and governance means governance. Smart governance is the
effective, easily accessible and equitable provision of services to the
citizens by any democratic government, which contributes to the public welfare
and economic development of the country. Smart governance is the use of new
technology for good planning and good decision making in a technological
institution and democracy.
Question:28
Write down any four uses of Aadhar card?
Answer:
The uses of Aadhaar Card are as under: -
- To make a PAN card.
- To open a bank account
- To get gas connection and subsidy.
- To get a mobile SIM card or telephone
connection.
Question:29
What are the different parts of information system?
Answer:
Parts of Information System: -
- Hardware: - This component includes the physical components of a computer such as
monitors, keyboards, mice, etc. that work together.
- Software: - This component includes all the programs that can be used to process
data using hardware.
- Database: - This partition is used to store data in file form.
- Network: - This section shares resources, information and data in the information
system.
- Procedure: - This section covers the methods and procedures used to obtain
information by processing the data in the information system.
Question:30
What is the Sewa/Suwidha Kendra? Describe.
Answer:
The government has set up various help centers at
district, block, city and village level to provide e-services and facilities
through e-governance. These help centers are called Sewa Kendra or Suwidha
Kendra. Through Seva Kendra we can make residency certificate, caste
certificate, birth and death certificate, income certificate, Aadhaar card, religion
certificate, registry, copy of mutation, pay online electricity/telephone bill,
vehicle registration certificate, etc.
Long answer type questions(6-6marks)
Question 1: What are network layers? Describe any three network devices?
Answer:- A network device is the hardware used to build a network.
This network can be a small network used in a home or office or a large network
used in large buildings.
Different
types of network devices: -
1.
Hub: - A hub is a networking device that transmits data to each
computer or connected Ethernet based device. When a computer in a network
requests a particular computer for information, the hub receives that request
and sends it to the main computer. The hub performs the task of duplicating
data packets received from a single port, making them available on group ports
and allowing data sharing between group devices connected to it.
2.
Switch: - A Switch is a device that transfers data packets between
many network devices such as computers, routers, servers or other Switches. The
switch contains a buffer, which increases the efficiency and performance of the
switch. The switch can also check for any errors before forwarding the data,
and this feature makes it very effective, as it does not forward the packets
that contain errors but only sends the correct packets to the correct port.
3.
Repeater: - A router is a hardware device that acts as a network
gateway in a network, and is responsible for the flow of data in a network and
the connection of the network to the Internet. A router is a switch-like device
that sends data packets to a network based on their IP (Internet Protocol)
address. A router is primarily a network layer device.
Question 2: What is unguided media? Write any two media?
Answer:- In unguided media, signals are sent independently in
group directions, without the use of cables. Unguided media transfers data
using electromagnetic waves without the use of physical conductors. Unguided
media communication is a data signal that flows through the air. These media
are not categorized for adoption or guidance by any channel. These are
categorized by type of wave propagation.
Types
of Unguided Media: -
1.
Infrared: - Infrared is a type of wireless mobile technology
used to communicate over a small area. The major drawback of infrared
communication is that it operates according to the line of sight principle and
its transmission range is limited, due to which its signals cannot cross any
wall in its path. Infrared cannot be used for long distance communication as
its use is limited to enclosed spaces. The use of infrared does not require
government approval.
2.
Bluetooth: - Bluetooth is a type of radio communication
technology that enables a low power and short distance wireless networking
between phones, computers and other network devices. The process used to
connect two Bluetooth devices is called pairing. Personal computers and other
devices can be connected using a Bluetooth dongle. Bluetooth networks use a
dynamic topology called piconet. Signals sent via Bluetooth can transmit up to
30 feet.
3.
Wi-Fi: - The full name of Wi-Fi is Wireless Fidelity, and it is
called Wireless Local Area Network. Wi-Fi enables local area networks to
operate without cables and wiring. Using Wi-Fi, we can exchange information
between two or more devices connected to the same network. Wi-Fi is designed
for mobile computing devices, but is now used in electronics such as
televisions, DVD players, and even digital cameras.
Question 3: What is twisted pair cable? Define its advantages and
disadvantages?
Answer:- Twisted pair cabling consists of two different insulated
copper wires and these two wires appear to be wrapped around each other. One
wire in each pair is used for data transfer and the other wire for earthing.
These two insulated copper wires are twisted around each other to reduce cross
talk between the wires. This wire is flexible and can easily connect to any
device. This cable can transfer data up to a distance of 1 km or more with a
speed of 1-2 megabits per second. The shorter the distance of this cable, the
higher the speed of data transfer.
Advantages
of Twisted Pair Cable: -
1.
These cables can be used for both analog and digital transmission.
2.
These distances are cheaper for shorter distances.
3. If
any part of the network is damaged, the entire network is not down.
Disadvantages
of Twisted Pair Cable: -
1.
The signal cannot travel long distances without the use of repeaters.
2.
The error rate is higher at a distance of more than 100 meters.
3.
Very thin wire breaks easily, so this wire is not suitable for broadband connection.
Question 4: What is fibre optic cable? Define its advantages and
disadvantages?
Answer:- This cable is made of thousands of thin fibers of glass,
one fiber of each glass is as thin as a thread, through which light can be
transferred. In it a ray of light is sent at a speed of one million bits per
second. A fiber cable can transmits a few television signals and thousands of
telephone line signals. The size and weight of this cable is less than that of
a coaxial cable and the data transfer rate is also 10 times higher than that of
a coaxial cable.
Advantages
of Fiber Optical Cable: -
1. A
single mode fiber can be used in place of large and heavy copper wire.
2.
Suitable for high bandwidth, industrial and noisy areas.
3. It
does not weaken data signals and can be sent over long distances.
Disadvantages
of Fiber Optical Cable: -
1.
Optical fiber cable is expensive.
2.
Optical fiber cable has to be polished so that light can be sent with little
damage.
3.
Light waves are unidirectional, so full duplex communication requires two
frequencies.
Question 5: What is communication mode? Define its types?
Answer:- The process of transferring data or information between
two devices connected to a network is called communication mode. They also
indicate the direction of signal flow between connected devices.
There
are three types of communication mode: -
1.
Simplex mode: - In Simplex the transmission of data is one
direction, meaning notifications can only go in one direction, and the signal
cannot be sent back to the sender due to one way traffic. Only one of the two
connected devices can transfer data, and the other device can receive data.
Example: Keyboard, mouse. Television.
2.
Half Duplex Mode: - In Half Duplex the data is transmitted
between the two devices, meaning both the sender and the receiver can send data
to each other, but the data can be sent in the same direction at the same time.
This transmission is used when data transmission is not required at the same
time. Example: walkie-talkie
3.
Full duplex mode: - In Full duplex mode sender and receiver
can transmit data simultaneously through full duplex. In a full duplex the data
transmission capability is divided into two parts so that both can transmit
data. Example: telephone line.
Question:6
What are the applications of artificial intelligence?
Answer:
Areas of use of Artificial Intelligence: -
1. AI
is used to build intrusion detection systems. For example, a firewall program
in the operating system that automatically blocks unauthorized websites.
2. AI
is used in the gaming field. In particular, it plays an important role in
strategic games such as chess, tic-tac-toe.
3. AI
plays an important role in systems that process natural languages. For example:
Human interactive computer systems that can understand and process human
language
4. AI
is used to build weight systems. These systems are able to understand and
analyze the visual input on the computer. Example: spy drones
5. AI
is used in the construction of specialized systems.
6. AI
is used to build intelligent robots.
7. AI
is used in the construction of machine learning systems.
Question:7
What is the importance of AI?
Answer:
Importance of Artificial Intelligence: -
1.
Game Playing: - From virtual reality games to modern games, it is
one of the industries where artificial intelligence has made the biggest leap.
Bots are always there to play with you, and so you don't need another person to
play. The level of personal details and graphics is also possible due to the
advent of Artificial Intelligence and is taking the industry to a whole new
level.
2.
Banking and financial institutions: - Artificial
intelligence is playing an important role in managing financial transactions
and managing many other activities in the bank. The day to day operations of
banks such as transactions and financial operations, stock market money and
their management, etc. are being carried out in a very simple and efficient
manner by these machine learning models.
3.
Voice Recognition: - Artificial intelligence technology
recognizes the words spoken by the user and converts or responds to the text.
This is also called speech recognition. Google, for example, asks us to speak
on a mobile or computer and responds to the user by analyzing it. Apple's Siri
software is also a good example of voice recognition.
4.
Computer Vision and Analysis: - Computer Vision 3D presents real
world information in a three-dimensional way. Computer Vision helps in
identifying patterns. It automatically gathers information from images,
pictures and patterns and provides us with information.
Question:8
What are the Pros and Cons of Artificial Intelligence?
Answer:
Advantages of AI: -
1. AI-based
systems enhance performance. These systems perform complex tasks without
errors.
2. AI
based systems can work for a long time without any rest. These systems are not
as sick as humans and do not take leave.
3.
Machines are emotionless so emotional barriers cannot stop machines or robots
from working.
4.
There is no possibility of error in the operation of these systems.
Disadvantages
of AI: -
1.
There is no empathy in machines.
2.
Excessive use of these systems will increase unemployment.
3. If
these systems break down, important data stored in them will also be lost.
4.
These systems can be misused if they fall into the wrong hands.
Question:9
Discuss the characteristics of expert systems?
Answer:
Features of Expert System: -
1.
Expertise: Expert systems specialize in a specific area. For
example, the Mycin system specializes in the treatment of blood infections.
2.
Quick Response Time: Expert systems provide quick answers
to the questions being asked.
3.
Reliability: No mistakes are made by expert systems, so they are
reliable.
4.
Decision quality: Expert systems are capable of making
high quality decisions.
5.
Consistency: Expert systems always answer the same questions.
6.
Low cost: It reduces the cost of seeking expert advice for different
areas such as: medical examination.
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